Article written by Michelle Blake for erollover.com
Yes! A new job. During transition, we’re so focused on wrapping up our projects that we forget about our employee benefits. Namely our 401k plan.
It’s easy to overlook your 401k plan. Contributing to a 401k plan usually means money is invested before you receive your paycheck. It’s your invisible benefit. You know deposits happen because you see deductions listed on your payroll stub. And if you don’t pay attention, your statement is your reminder.
So what happens to your 401k balance when you leave the company? You have options and work to do before your first day.
Know Before You Go
Contact Your Benefits Administrator
- Outstanding 401k Loans
- Opening An IRA
- Balance Verification
- Updating Your Information
Your Balance – Your Options
- Cash Payment
- Rolling Balance Into Another Qualified 401k Plan or IRA
- Stay In The Plan
Is This You?
- “I’m Being Forced Out – Why Can’t I Stay?”
- “I’m Close To Retirement – Now What?”
- “Doh! I Took A Cash Payment & Changed My Mind”
- “I Lost My Pin Number”
Know Before You Go
Your retirement money is your most important project to pack up before leaving. Maybe it’s been years since your orientation or “you know you have it somewhere” but just can’t find your benefits binder. Whatever your situation/scenario, use this 401k checklist while preparing for your next professional adventure.
□ Contact Your Benefits Administrator – Normally, your “no longer actively employed” status is sent to your 401k plan administrator via payroll feeds once you leave the company. Your updated status will flip your payroll and 401k contributions switch from on to off. However, there are areas you can get a head start on as you gear-up for your farewell.
Before giving notice, spend time talking with your benefits group so your 401k balance is ready for the move:
(a) Outstanding 401k Loans – If you’ve taken a loan from your 401k plan, most plans need you to pay your balance off before leaving the company. If you don’t, you could go into “default.” Ick. Defaulting means either any outstanding amount will be deducted from your balance or get taxed. Ask about your options ahead of time. Chances are the repayment process will need to start before your last day.
(b) Opening An IRA – If you don’t already have an IRA, talk with your financial planner. Everyone’s situation is different: maybe your new company doesn’t offer a 401k plan or if it does, it’s possible opening a Roth or Traditional IRA is your best route. If you decide to roll over your 401k balance, you’ll have to provide details, i.e. IRA account number, financial institution name, etc. Ask what pieces of information you’ll need ahead of time.
Don’t have a financial planner? Visit erollover.com to find an advisor you’d like to work with.
(c) Balance Verification – Relocating for your new gig? You may need to show proof of your portfolio’s balance for mortgage approvals or other financing. Ask your plan administrator how they handle these requests and what the turn-around time looks like.
(d) Updating Your Information – Speaking of relocating, make sure to update your address, contact number, email address, etc. You’ll avoid any possibility of account information getting lost in the mail.
□ Your Balance – Your Options
Cash Payment – When leaving the company, you can take your balance as a payment to yourself.
ALERT! If you take a payout, you’re taxed heavily. You’ll automatically have a 20% withholding from your balance. Then, you may face tax penalties when you file taxes for the year you’ve received payment. At minimum, this is a 10% penalty.
The reality is, no matter where you’re employed and how much you’ve saved, the cash payment’s jingle goes something like: “There’s no cha-ching without some tax sting.” Do the math to see how much you’ll potentially lose when the check is made in your name.
Rolling Balance Into Another Qualified 401k Plan or IRA – You’ll have the option to roll your balance over into your new employer’s 401k plan or your IRA.
Rolling over any balance means (1) avoiding tax penalties and (2) keeping your retirement savings intact. Make sure to ask your 401k administrator about their process and timing.
More than likely, you’ll have “x” number of days to decide. You’ll need to complete forms, including new account numbers and plan specifics, so it’s critical to complete all steps before your deadline. Some plans automatically send a cash payment, with those dreaded withholdings/tax penalties, if the process isn’t finalized by the due date.
Stay In The Plan – You may be eligible to keep your balance invested in the company’s 401k plan.
Why do ex-employees keep their money in the plan?
While leaving the company means you won’t be making payroll contributions, it’s possible you can still transfer your balances from “x” to “y” funds or keep your portfolio as is. Not to worry, your investments will gain/lose as they stay on the stock market’s roller coaster ride. Plus, you’ll continue receiving account statements for as long as you stay invested.
Many compare their current investment options to their new employer’s menu. If you like how you’re portfolio performs, or if some funds aren’t offered in your new employer’s plan, you may consider to stay put.
And, you can roll over your balance at any time. You’ll still have to follow your benefit administrator’s process, so again, know your deadlines and follow the process.
Is This You?
□ “I’m Being Forced Out – Why Can’t I Stay?” – Some plans have an automatic force-out policy if the balance is under $x000.00. If you’re “forced out” your payment is treated the same as if you took a cash payment. After seeing the tax reality of taking the money and running, ask if you’re eligible to roll over your balance to another 401k plan or IRA.
□ “I’m Close To Retirement – Now What?” – Ahhh…the moment you’ve been working for is arriving. Contact your plan’s administrator and ask about your retirement options: Can you keep your money invested? Do you have to take it out? And what are the tax consequences? Also talk with your financial advisor before making any retirement moves – do you have enough saved to live on?
□ “Doh! I Took A Cash Payment & Changed My Mind” – Well, you can change your mind, but you can’t change your tax situation or get your withheld amount back once you’ve received the check. When the check is cut, the check is cut. However, once you have the check in hand, ask your financial advisor if you can use it for opening an IRA. Since it has already been taxed, you may avoid further tax penalties down-the-road.
□ “I Lost My Pin Number” – Just because you’re leaving the company doesn’t mean you won’t need to access your account. You may have questions, you may still be working through steps with your administrator and you won’t get anywhere without your pin number. Keep all access codes in a safe place. And if you need to request new ones, ask how long it will take to process. If you have a few days left until your deadline, and getting a new pin takes over a week, then what?
As you consider new employment, develop a solid exit plan for yourself and your retirement savings. Using this checklist will help you prepare for takeoff. Happy travels.